Understanding how light travels through various materials is essential for many fields, from medical imaging to manufacturing. However, due to their structure, materials often show directional ...

The study of light propagation in atomic and nanostructured media encompasses the intricate interplay between photons and carefully engineered materials. In these systems, phenomena such as nonlinear ...

Q. I would like to try my hand at propagation. What is the difference between softwood and hardwood propagation? Are there any secrets to success? Propagation by cutting (also called “clonal ...

Current artificial intelligence models utilize billions of trainable parameters to achieve challenging tasks. However, this large number of parameters comes with a hefty cost. Training and deploying ...