Technical Terms Sarcasm: A form of verbal irony where the literal meaning is different from, and usually opposite to, the intended message.

Fourth and eighth graders, and college students were shown 60 pictures each depicting a simple action. Half the subjects at each grade gave a short verbal description of each picture and half simply ...

Chris Janiszewski, Hayden Noel, Alan G. Sawyer *, A Meta‐analysis of the Spacing Effect in Verbal Learning: Implications for Research on Advertising Repetition and Consumer Memory, Journal of Consumer ...