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These are basically a stepper motor that’s been unrolled and made flat — traces on the PCB act as the coils and tiny magnetic “robots” act as the rotor.

For example, a motor with a torque of 2.3 N m at 500 rpm when used with a 3:1 gearbox will have a 6.9 N m output, but the motor’s rpm will climb to 1,500 rpm to drive the gearbox.