ABSTRACT With the rise in the introduction of biodiesel fuel throughout the world, there has arisen the technical issue of sludge formation due to oxidation degradation. The main causes of this ...

The purpose of this paper is to study the mechanism of sludge formation by use of a laboratory scale sludge simulator and to propose a new method to evaluate engine oil dispersancy. The simulator ...

Most people are familiar with the importance of oil for the internal combustion engines that power our modern vehicles. The petroleum-based fluid is designed to provide lubrication to the vast amount ...

Over the decades, new technologies have reduced the needs of automotive maintenance. Grease jobs for chassis lubrication are a thing of the past. So are tuneups. Spark-plug changes are as long as ...

This study reveals the potential of natural sludge from wetlands as an effective, low-cost material for wastewater ...

Septicity occurs in sewage or sludge when the micro-organisms have utilised all the dissolved oxygen (DO) and any nitrates (or nitrites) that may be present. When anaerobic conditions have developed, ...