Dynamic equilibrium condition (DEC) is described as a steady-state condition at which the normal wear rate in a machine causes no net gain or loss of particles. The concept of DEC of particles is ...

Although most natural and synthetic processes prefer to settle into equilibrium—a state of unchanging balance without potential or energy—it is within the realm of non-equilibrium conditions where new ...

Entropy production lies at the heart of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, a field that examines systems away from equilibrium where continuous energy flows and irreversible processes dominate. In such ...

Computational methods that can simulate reactions, how a molecule behaves in a certain environment and what properties a material will exhibit (amongst other areas) have been gaining interest in ...